Conservation Scientists and Foresters

Job Zone

Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed

Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

O’NET publishes details below this occupation’s level. Showing Conservation Scientists — one of 2 occupations here: Conservation Scientists, Foresters.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

Apply principles of specialized fields of science, such as agronomy, soil science, forestry, or agriculture, to achieve conservation objectives.87
Plan soil management or conservation practices, such as crop rotation, reforestation, permanent vegetation, contour plowing, or terracing, to maintain soil or conserve water.86
Monitor projects during or after construction to ensure projects conform to design specifications.83
Advise land users, such as farmers or ranchers, on plans, problems, or alternative conservation solutions.80
Implement soil or water management techniques, such as nutrient management, erosion control, buffers, or filter strips, in accordance with conservation plans.80
Compute design specifications for implementation of conservation practices, using survey or field information, technical guides or engineering manuals.79
Gather information from geographic information systems (GIS) databases or applications to formulate land use recommendations.77
Participate on work teams to plan, develop, or implement programs or policies for improving environmental habitats, wetlands, or groundwater or soil resources.77
Compute cost estimates of different conservation practices, based on needs of land users, maintenance requirements, or life expectancy of practices.76
Develop or maintain working relationships with local government staff or board members.75
Revisit land users to view implemented land use practices or plans.75
Visit areas affected by erosion problems to identify causes or determine solutions.74

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Provide information, knowledge, expertise, or training to government agencies at all levels to solve water or soil management problems or to assure coordination of resource protection activities.74
Enter local soil, water, or other environmental data into adaptive or Web-based decision tools to identify appropriate analyses or techniques.74
Analyze results of investigations to determine measures needed to maintain or restore proper soil management.73
Develop, conduct, or participate in surveys, studies, or investigations of various land uses to inform corrective action plans.72
Coordinate or implement technical, financial, or administrative assistance programs for local government units to ensure efficient program implementation or timely responses to requests for assistance.71
Respond to complaints or questions on wetland jurisdiction, providing information or clarification.70
Compile or interpret biodata to determine extent or type of wetlands or to aid in program formulation.70
Review or approve amendments to comprehensive local water plans or conservation district plans.69
Review proposed wetland restoration easements or provide technical recommendations.69
Develop soil maps.68
Develop water conservation or harvest plans, using weather information systems, irrigation information management systems, or other sources of daily evapotranspiration (ET) data.68
Manage field offices or involve staff in cooperative ventures.67
Initiate, schedule, or conduct annual audits or compliance checks of program implementation by local government.62
Identify or recommend integrated weed and pest management (IPM) strategies, such as resistant plants, cultural or behavioral controls, soil amendments, insects, natural enemies, barriers, or pesticides.61
Review annual reports of counties, conservation districts, or watershed management organizations, certifying compliance with mandated reporting requirements.61
Review grant applications or make funding recommendations.60
Develop or conduct environmental studies, such as plant material field trials or wildlife habitat impact studies.59
Conduct fact-finding or mediation sessions among government units, landowners, or other agencies to resolve disputes.57

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

Active Listening72
Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Reading Comprehension72
Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
Complex Problem Solving66
Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
Speaking66
Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Critical Thinking63
Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
Science63
Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Writing63
Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
Active Learning56
Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
Judgment and Decision Making56
Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Monitoring56
Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Social Perceptiveness56
Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Time Management56
Managing one's own time and the time of others.

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Coordination53
Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
Mathematics53
Using mathematics to solve problems.
Persuasion53
Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
Service Orientation53
Actively looking for ways to help people.
Systems Analysis53
Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
Systems Evaluation53
Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
Negotiation50
Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
Instructing47
Teaching others how to do something.
Learning Strategies47
Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Management of Personnel Resources47
Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
Management of Material Resources35
Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
Operations Analysis35
Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
Operations Monitoring35
Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
Management of Financial Resources31
Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
Operation and Control31
Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Quality Control Analysis31
Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
Troubleshooting25
Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
Programming22
Writing computer programs for various purposes.
Technology Design22
Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
Equipment Selection10
Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
Equipment Maintenance3
Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
Installation3
Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
Repairing3
Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

English Language82
Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.
Biology73
Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
Geography69
Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
Mathematics69
Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
Customer and Personal Service64
Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
Chemistry63
Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
Law and Government62
Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
Computers and Electronics60
Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
Engineering and Technology58
Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
Education and Training57
Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
Design52
Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
Physics52
Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.

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Administration and Management51
Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
Public Safety and Security48
Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
Communications and Media47
Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
Administrative46
Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
Food Production44
Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
Building and Construction39
Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
Personnel and Human Resources39
Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
Mechanical37
Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
Telecommunications37
Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
Sales and Marketing36
Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
Economics and Accounting35
Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
Production and Processing34
Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
History and Archeology31
Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
Psychology31
Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
Sociology and Anthropology28
Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.
Transportation24
Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
Foreign Language19
Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
Philosophy and Theology12
Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
Therapy and Counseling11
Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
Medicine and Dentistry9
Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
Fine Arts4
Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

Oral Comprehension78
The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
Written Comprehension75
The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
Oral Expression72
The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
Deductive Reasoning69
The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
Information Ordering69
The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
Problem Sensitivity69
The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
Written Expression66
The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
Inductive Reasoning63
The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
Speech Clarity63
The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
Category Flexibility60
The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
Flexibility of Closure60
The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
Near Vision60
The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).

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Speech Recognition60
The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
Fluency of Ideas56
The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
Mathematical Reasoning56
The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
Number Facility56
The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
Originality56
The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
Far Vision50
The ability to see details at a distance.
Perceptual Speed50
The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Selective Attention47
The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
Visualization47
The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Visual Color Discrimination44
The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
Arm-Hand Steadiness41
The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
Memorization41
The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
Speed of Closure41
The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
Time Sharing41
The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Static Strength38
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
Trunk Strength38
The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
Spatial Orientation35
The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
Wrist-Finger Speed35
The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
Auditory Attention31
The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
Control Precision31
The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
Dynamic Strength31
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
Explosive Strength31
The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
Finger Dexterity31
The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
Manual Dexterity31
The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Multilimb Coordination31
The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
Stamina31
The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
Extent Flexibility28
The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Depth Perception25
The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
Gross Body Coordination25
The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
Gross Body Equilibrium25
The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
Hearing Sensitivity25
The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
Night Vision25
The ability to see under low-light conditions.
Peripheral Vision25
The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
Rate Control25
The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
Reaction Time25
The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
Response Orientation25
The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
Glare Sensitivity22
The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
Sound Localization19
The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
Speed of Limb Movement10
The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
Dynamic Flexibility6
The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

Analyzing Data or Information88
Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
Getting Information86
Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
Working with Computers86
Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
Making Decisions and Solving Problems80
Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates79
Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
Documenting/Recording Information79
Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards79
Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others76
Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work76
Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge76
Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
Processing Information75
Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
Communicating with People Outside the Organization73
Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.

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Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships73
Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
Performing General Physical Activities71
Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings70
Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
Scheduling Work and Activities69
Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events65
Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others64
Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public64
Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information62
Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others62
Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
Thinking Creatively62
Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
Training and Teaching Others62
Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People61
Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
Coaching and Developing Others58
Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates58
Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment58
Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.
Performing Administrative Activities58
Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
Developing Objectives and Strategies56
Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others54
Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
Developing and Building Teams53
Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
Monitoring and Controlling Resources51
Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
Handling and Moving Objects50
Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials50
Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
Assisting and Caring for Others48
Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
Selling or Influencing Others46
Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
Controlling Machines and Processes41
Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment41
Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
Staffing Organizational Units39
Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment26
Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment20
Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

Dependability76
A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.
Attention to Detail75
A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
Integrity75
A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
Cautiousness70
A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related decisions or doing work.
Innovation70
A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on ways to accomplish work.
Intellectual Curiosity69
A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.
Perseverance65
A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.
Cooperation59
A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
Adaptability58
A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.
Leadership Orientation55
A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
Achievement Orientation54
A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.
Initiative52
A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.

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Self-Control51
A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.
Sincerity49
A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.
Self-Confidence48
A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.
Stress Tolerance42
A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
Tolerance for Ambiguity42
A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
Social Orientation41
A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
Humility34
A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
Optimism26
A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.
Empathy21
A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feelings at work.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

Investigative78
Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.
Realistic69
Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.
Conventional50
Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.
Enterprising36
Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.
Social31
Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.
Artistic16
Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

E-Mail
- Every day96%
Telephone Conversations
- Every day74%
- Once a week or more but not every day22%
Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams
- Every day61%
- Once a week or more but not every day30%
Freedom to Make Decisions
- A lot of freedom35%
- Some freedom39%
- Limited freedom26%
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment
- Every day17%
- Once a week or more but not every day70%
Contact With Others
- Constant contact with others30%
- Contact with others most of the time35%
- Contact with others about half the time30%
Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team
- Extremely important26%
- Very important43%
- Important26%
Deal With External Customers or the Public in General
- Extremely important26%
- Very important48%
- Important17%
Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals
- A lot of freedom17%
- Some freedom57%
- Limited freedom22%
Duration of Typical Work Week
- More than 40 hours43%
- 40 hours57%
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions
- Every day17%
- Once a week or more but not every day61%
- Once a month or more but not every week17%
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
- Extremely important13%
- Very important57%
- Important17%
- Fairly important13%

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Indoors, Environmentally Controlled
- Every day23%
- Once a week or more but not every day59%
- Never14%
Written Letters and Memos
- Every day23%
- Once a week or more but not every day32%
- Once a month or more but not every week36%
Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities
- Extremely important17%
- Very important39%
- Important35%
Time Pressure
- Once a week or more but not every day43%
- Once a month or more but not every week43%
- Once a year or more but not every month13%
Health and Safety of Other Workers
- High responsibility32%
- Moderate responsibility32%
- Limited responsibility23%
Spend Time Sitting
- More than half the time39%
- About half the time39%
- Less than half the time22%
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results
- Important results30%
- Moderate results48%
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled
- Every day13%
- Once a week or more but not every day39%
- Once a month or more but not every week13%
- Once a year or more but not every month17%
- Never17%
Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers
- High responsibility30%
- Moderate responsibility39%
- Limited responsibility22%
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks
- Extremely important13%
- Very important17%
- Important43%
- Fairly important13%
- Not important at all13%
Frequency of Decision Making
- Once a week or more but not every day35%
- Once a month or more but not every week39%
- Once a year or more but not every month17%
Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures
- Once a week or more but not every day17%
- Once a month or more but not every week39%
- Once a year or more but not every month30%
Physical Proximity
- Slightly close (e.g., shared office)61%
- I work with others but not closely (e.g., private office)26%
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets
- Once a week or more but not every day22%
- Once a month or more but not every week26%
- Once a year or more but not every month39%
Outdoors, Under Cover
- Every day13%
- Once a week or more but not every day13%
- Once a month or more but not every week30%
- Once a year or more but not every month26%
- Never17%
Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable
- Once a week or more but not every day22%
- Once a month or more but not every week39%
- Once a year or more but not every month22%
- Never17%
Level of Competition
- Highly competitive30%
- Moderately competitive26%
- Slightly competitive22%
- Not at all competitive22%
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls
- More than half the time17%
- About half the time13%
- Less than half the time48%
- Never13%
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings
- Once a week or more but not every day13%
- Once a month or more but not every week26%
- Once a year or more but not every month61%
Public Speaking
- Once a month or more but not every week45%
- Once a year or more but not every month45%
Spend Time Standing
- About half the time52%
- Less than half the time48%
Consequence of Error
- Very serious13%
- Serious17%
- Fairly serious39%
- Not serious at all22%
Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions
- Once a week or more but not every day17%
- Once a year or more but not every month57%
- Never13%
Exposed to Contaminants
- Once a week or more but not every day13%
- Once a month or more but not every week22%
- Once a year or more but not every month57%
Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People
- Once a month or more but not every week30%
- Once a year or more but not every month57%
In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment
- Once a month or more but not every week35%
- Once a year or more but not every month35%
- Never22%
Spend Time Walking or Running
- About half the time17%
- Less than half the time78%
Conflict Situations
- Once a month or more but not every week22%
- Once a year or more but not every month70%
Degree of Automation
- Moderately automated26%
- Slightly automated57%
- Not at all automated17%
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment
- Once a month or more but not every week17%
- Once a year or more but not every month57%
- Never22%
Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body
- Less than half the time78%
- Never13%
Work Schedules
- Irregular (changes with weather conditions, production demands, or contract duration)41%
- Regular (established routine, set schedule)55%
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions
- About half the time13%
- Less than half the time70%
- Never17%
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling
- Less than half the time70%
- Never26%
Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions
- Once a month or more but not every week17%
- Once a year or more but not every month39%
- Never43%
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions
- Once a year or more but not every month35%
- Never57%
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection
- Once a year or more but not every month32%
- Never59%
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance
- Less than half the time35%
- Never61%
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment
- Important13%
- Not important at all78%
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration
- Once a year or more but not every month26%
- Never74%
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles
- Less than half the time26%
- Never74%
Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People
- Once a year or more but not every month22%
- Never78%
Exposed to High Places
- Once a year or more but not every month13%
- Never83%
Exposed to Disease or Infections
- Once a year or more but not every month17%
- Never83%
Exposed to Radiation
- Never96%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

Bachelor’s degree
Master’s degree
Post-baccalaureate certificate

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

Geographic information system
ESRI ArcGIS software, ESRI ArcInfo, Geographic information system GIS software, Geographic information system GIS systems
Presentation software
Microsoft PowerPoint
Analytical or scientific software
Clover Technology GALENA, Datasurge GEOPRO, Water Soil and Hydro-Environmental Decision Support System WATERSHEDSS, WinEPIC
Data base user interface and query software
CroPMan, Microsoft Access, State Soil Geographic STATSGO Database, Water resources databases
Electronic mail software
Email software, Microsoft Outlook
Spreadsheet software
Microsoft Excel
Mobile location based services software
Global positioning system GPS software
Graphics or photo imaging software
Autodesk Maya
Document management software
Adobe Acrobat
Office suite software
Microsoft Office software
Operating system software
Microsoft Windows
Word processing software
Microsoft Word
Computer aided design CAD software
Autodesk AutoCAD
Internet browser software
Web browser software
Web platform development software
Microsoft Active Server Pages ASP

Professional Associations

Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

Related Occupations

Occupations that call for similar work and worker requirements.

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

Apply knowledge or research findings to address environmental problems.
Plan natural resources conservation or restoration programs.
Monitor operational procedures in technical environments to ensure conformance to standards.
Advise others about land management or conservation.
Develop plans to manage natural or renewable resources.
Determine design criteria or specifications.
Collect geographical or geological field data.
Estimate green project costs.
Inspect condition of natural environments.
Develop collaborative relationships between departments or with external organizations.
Advise others about environmental management or conservation.
Record research or operational data.

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Train personnel in technical or scientific procedures.
Research sustainable agricultural processes or practices.
Plan environmental research.
Direct natural resources management or conservation programs.
Analyze environmental data.
Communicate with the public on environmental issues.
Compile environmental or climatological data.
Review plans or proposals for environmental conservation.
Create maps.
Assess compliance with environmental laws.
Review environmental permits, plans, or reports.
Mediate disputes.

Apprenticeship Occupations

Registered apprenticeship program titles associated with this occupation.

Soil Conservation Technician

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology